Chapter 406: Glenin's Cost Problem
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"This is already fast, because we have basically confirmed that this drug is effective, eliminating the most critical steps. Many large pharmaceutical companies often take as long as ten years to develop new drugs. The update is the fastest ┏Ⅹ④③⑨⑨┛" Ma Academician Lin said with a smile.
"Speaking of drug research and development, I think of a movie I watched last year. Have you watched "I'm Not the God of Medicine"? There are many questions in it that I didn't understand, and I want to ask you for advice." Shen Long said quickly, medicine The question is extremely professional, and laymen can't figure out the doorway inside.
Academician Ma Lin nodded and signaled Shen Long to open his mouth. Shen Long asked, "This movie is very worrying to watch, but after watching it carefully, it seems that apart from Zhang Changlin who sells fake medicines, there seems to be no real The villain: At that time, I saw that the representatives of pharmaceutical companies were very upset, but after checking some information, I found that, as you just said, the research and development of new drugs often requires billions of funds and a long time, and they sell so high The prices also seem to be normal."
"After all, there is nothing that can promote scientific progress more than profit-driven. If the development of new drugs does not make money, those pharmaceutical companies will naturally not spend their energy on it. Although the price of specific drugs is expensive, there is always something to eat. If If no one develops a new drug, then you can’t eat it even if you want to eat it.”
"Well, what you said does have some truth, but it's still too simple to look at the problem. The problems reflected in this movie are very realistic and sensitive, so many aspects are not shown by the director." Professor Ma Lin took a sip of tea Said, "Take Gleevec in "I'm Not the God of Medicine" as an example. This drug is actually different from ordinary drugs."
"First of all, do you know that the global price of this drug is the most expensive in China?" Professor Ma Lin asked.
Shen Long shook his head, "It shouldn't be. It stands to reason that China's economy was still very underdeveloped at that time, and the per capita income was far behind that of developed countries in Europe and America. Even if Glenin's price should not be cheaper than in Europe and America, at least it should be the same. right?"
"The fact is that Glenin is more expensive in China than in Japan, Europe and the United States. There are many reasons for this. The price of medicines in our country is divided into several categories. One is government pricing, such as vaccines and other widely used essential medicines. , the government will limit profits through pricing so that more people can use it.”
"One type is market regulation, which allows the market to adjust the prices of these drugs. Usually, due to the fierce competition, the prices of such drugs will not be very high; the other type is government-guided prices, which limit the maximum retail price; while Glenin It belongs to independent pricing, Nova has complete pricing power, and they can sell as expensive as they like, this situation is not appropriate, and now the country is adjusting relevant policies, but it has not yet taken shape.”
"There is another reason. The distribution of medicines in China was too complicated back then. From the ex-factory pricing of medicines to the hospital pharmacy, there were too many gray spaces in the intermediate links. This also increased the cost virtually, causing patients to have to bear the cost. higher price.
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"When Glenin entered the domestic market, the market price was 500 yuan, but the film sold for 37,000 yuan. What is the reason for the extra price difference?"
"This has improved in recent years. Since Dr. He Ruyi took charge of the Drug Evaluation Center, he began to promote the two-invoice system for medicines. There can only be at most one circulation link between pharmaceutical companies and hospitals or pharmacy terminals. Only medicines are allowed. There are two invoices from the enterprise to the agent and from the agent to the terminal, which effectively reduces the cost of drug distribution and limits the gray chain."
"The last reason is that China's pharmaceutical industry was relatively backward at that time. Not to mention innovative drugs, even generic drugs were difficult to produce. The market lacked competition, so the price would naturally not go down; but this situation also has good development. The production level of generic drugs has also improved, for example, Baiyunshan Pharmaceutical Factory launched Jin Ge immediately after Pfizer’s Viagra patent expired.”
We don't need this thing at all, even if the price is reduced, it doesn't matter to us.
"Also Glenin, many pharmaceutical factories have completed the production of generic drugs, and the price has reached eight or nine hundred to less than one thousand yuan a box, which is almost the same as in the movie. If inflation and other factors are included, even Cheaper than in the movie."
"But this is when the patent has expired, right? Nova's patent in the movie has not expired, so even if it has the ability to imitate it, I'm afraid it can't be produced?" Its knowledge and technology can be successfully imitated.
"That's true." Academician Ma Lin didn't discuss this issue deeply, "However, the development cost of Glenin is not as high as that generated by Nova, and it is not used for the massive tests in the development of other drugs. identified the cause of the disease and named it the Philadelphia chromosome."
"After more than 20 years of careful research, the academic community has completed the important preparatory work for the development of targeted drugs without any funding from Nova; and the Oregon Cancer Institute for targeted drug development."
"It wasn't until five years later that the pharmaceutical company researcher Layden participated in the experiment. At this time, the pharmaceutical company first appeared in Glenin's research and development; eight years later, Layden's company merged with another company to form Nova Company, Leyden fired, Nova tried to kill the Glenin project, and it was Drucker who convinced them to keep it.”
"In 2001, this drug was finally successfully developed, and the biological mechanism of the molecular substances constituting this drug was confirmed by Professor Gu Lieyan of Rockefeller University; It was not finished, and the third-phase clinical trial was approved by the FDA before it started, and it went on the market smoothly."
"You must know that in clinical trials, the cost of the first phase is the lowest, which may be 10 million yuan, followed by the second phase, which costs about 50 million U.S. dollars, and the third phase is the most expensive, with a cost of up to 300 million U.S. dollars. Many small pharmaceutical companies It was because of the inability to bear this part of the expenses that the company had to be sold to a large pharmaceutical company; this link saved a lot of money for Nova.”
"Pharmaceutical companies do need to bear a lot of costs in developing new drugs, but for the drug Glenin, Nova's investment is obviously not that much. Most of the expenditures in the new drug development stage are funded by institutions such as Harvard Medical School and the Oregon Cancer Institute. It is obviously unreasonable for Nova to misleadingly include this part of the cost borne by social public funds into its own research and development costs.”
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