Chapter 668 665 [Cangjie Hall]

Zhu Cizheng was really heartless and didn't worry about his sister's marriage at all. He happily went to work as a librarian in the Hanlin Academy.

After completing the entry procedures, Zhu Cizheng began to get to know his colleagues.

Due to the huge number of collections, there is more than one librarian, who is usually responsible for sorting, maintaining, and borrowing books. The book classification model still follows the four-part method of classics and history, and religious works are listed separately in the form of appendices.

Zhu Cizheng was assigned a master named Qin Daiwen to teach him how to manage books systematically and formally.

"This is the library's collection of books," Qin Daiwen threw a tome. "Not to mention memorizing it all, at least have an impression of every part. When you get a book, you can immediately think of its location, and then search for the book according to the picture. Book found.”

Opening the catalog of the collection, the beginning is a general introduction, giving a general introduction to the Hanlin Academy's collection of books.

In addition to the classics and histories, Buddhism, Daoism, and Hui are classified as religious, and it is specifically stated that they were "ordered by His Majesty the First Emperor of the Republic of China."

As for scientific books, literary books, and art books, they are all classified into the "Zi" section of the Classics and History subset. These are Zhu Cizheng's favorite miscellaneous books. He jumped directly to read "Zibu General Narrative".

For several days in a row, Zhu Cizheng did nothing but recite the catalog of the library.

On this day, when he heard another quarrel downstairs, Zhu Cizheng frowned and asked: "Teacher, the library should be quiet, why are there always people quarreling outside?"

Qin Daiwen smiled and said: "They are people from Cangjie Library. They quarrel every day. Not to mention quarreling in their own office. If they encounter any disagreements, they will quarrel all the way to the library, most likely to borrow some ancient books."

Cangjie Hall is a relatively young institution in the Hanlin Academy. It specializes in studying the development and changes of writing. It is currently divided into two categories: oracle bones and epigraphy.

These people made noises from outside the building to inside the building, and from downstairs to upstairs. Zhu Cizheng listened carefully and finally understood what they were arguing about, and then felt a violent shock.

A group of guys who study characters actually want to revise "Shuowen Jiezi"!

There was a gray-haired scholar who was most excited. His name was Guo Zongchang, a famous epigrapher. He entered Beijing as a tribute at the age of eighteen and lived in Beijing for several years before he was selected as a junior official. Really unhappy with his work, he went back to Shaanxi to study knowledge. He dismissed Li Zicheng and the Manchus' recruitment.

It was not until after the oracle bones were excavated that Zhao Han ordered the establishment of the Cangjie Museum and recruited epigraphy experts from all over the world to jointly study it. Guo Zongchang was attracted to Nanjing.

"The six books are divided into virtual and real," Guo Zongchang said, "Pictures are real and things are virtual. This is because things have real shapes, but things have no real shape. The understanding of meaning is real, and the shape and sound are virtual, because the understanding of meaning is combined with two or three characters. It can be used for business, but the phonetic pronunciation has no meaning. The annotation is real, and the pretense is fictitious... The ancient man-made characters did not come out of thin air, they must be gradual, and must be real first and then fictitious. Therefore, pictograms, meanings, meanings, and pictographs, The order of these six books should be re-annotated and borrowed. The order of reference should not be placed before understanding, and the imaginary should not be preceded by the actual!"

Xiang Yuanbian said: "The juniors probably agree with Mr. Sir's statement, but the order does not need to be changed, let alone the evolutionary sequence of Mr. Xiangtang, Yiyi, Jiebiao, and Pictophonetic."

Guo Zongchang said: "Why don't you agree? Judging from the study of oracle bone inscriptions and the research of the sages of the past dynasties, there must be writing first and then words. Wen is pictographic characters, and then there are combined characters (knowledge). When the characters are completed, then If there is a pretense, it has a tangible sound. This is a logical thing. Among the six books, the pretense should at least be ranked third, not sixth in "Shuowen"!"

The word "word" is very particular.

Hieroglyphic characters, or single-type characters, are "literature" in a narrow sense. For example, the character for day, such as the character for month. The sun and the moon add up to become Ming, and "Ming" is a combined character, also called a knowing character, which is a "character" in a narrow sense. Wen and characters coexist and develop together, collectively called "writing".

This theory has become more and more clear as people study oracle bone inscriptions, and scholars have begun to feel the development of writing.

Fan Qin was at the side trying to smooth things over: "You two, stop fighting. The order doesn't matter."

"It makes sense," Xiang Yuanbian said, "I admit that among the six books, Xiangxing and Huiyi should be ranked first two, and "Shuowen" is indeed open to question. However, the four books after Xiangxing and Huiyi should develop in parallel. There doesn’t necessarily have to be an order of precedence. Even if there really is an order of precedence, the pictorial and vocal sounds may come before the pretense!”

Fan Qin was helpless and felt very tired. He said: "The important thing now is not to argue about the order of ancient man-made characters. It is to recognize more oracle bone inscriptions and sort out the identification methods of oracle bone inscriptions."

Guo Zongchang said: "Oracle bone inscriptions should be studied, and the order of word creation should also be debated. Clarifying the order of word creation is also sorting out and summarizing the identification methods of oracle bone inscriptions."

"Not bad!" Xiang Yuanbian agreed with Guo Zongchang's point of view.

Suddenly, the two people who were arguing the most fiercely joined forces to fight against the person who was trying to break up the fight.

Zhu Cizheng listened half-heartedly and felt that these people were inscrutable. As expected, the scholars in the Hanlin Academy were very powerful.

These people passed by Zhu Cizheng, and a young man stopped and asked, "New here? A little unfamiliar."

Zhu Cizheng nodded and said, "New here."

The young man said: "My name is Lu Liuliang, and my courtesy name is Zhuang Sheng. I will borrow books from now on to trouble you."

Zhu Cizheng asked: "Are you also a scholar of the Hanlin Academy?"

Lu Liuliang said with a smile: "What little knowledge I have is not enough? I am a graduate student at Jinling University. I am usually away from school and study oracle bone inscriptions with Mr. Guo."

"I see, that's disrespectful." Zhu Cizheng quickly handed over his hand.

Lu Liuliang was chatting with Zhu Cizheng here. He was so noisy by the group that he felt dizzy. What's there to argue about? We can't decide whether to win or lose now, so we might as well study a few more Oracles and use Oracle's evidence to slap us in the face in the future.

While we were chatting, a Hanlin Academy official rushed to the library and panted: "Another...another oracle bone has arrived!"

Everyone ran back quickly, and this time they brought three baskets.

Some of the oracle bones made Guo Zongchang, Xiang Yuanbian and others look at each other. This kind of oracle bone has no tortoise shell, only animal bones and teeth, and the characters are engraved on it.

Compared with the previous oracle bone inscriptions, this oracle bone font is slimmer and more original and simple.

It is a pity that there was no carbon 14 test at this time, otherwise, they would know that this kind of oracle bones are 1,200 years older than the Yin Ruins oracle bones, probably in the late Longshan Culture period.

Two kinds of oracle bones come from the same origin.

Guo Zongchang held a magnifying glass and said: "The writing on this type of oracle bones must be older, or they were written during the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors period."

"That must be the case." Xiang Yuanbian nodded.

Lu Liuliang suddenly said: "Is the writing really created by Cangjie?"

Everyone was speechless.

After studying oracle bone inscriptions for a long time, they have determined that Chinese characters were not created by Cangjie, but were created and developed by generations of ancients.

Huang Zonghui said: "Gentlemen, why don't we sort out all our research results and submit them to the Hanlin Journal. Let's abandon the debate and leave everything to outside comments, and then we will continue to do research."

"Okay!" Guo Zongchang agreed first.

The three brothers Huang Zongxi, Huang Zongyan and Huang Zonghui are all researchers now.

Huang Zongxi serves as the deputy director of the Geography Museum of Qintianyuan (the director is Gu Yanwu), and also has research tasks in the Mathematics Museum and Planetarium. Huang Zongyan is a Ph.D. from the Mathematics Hall of Qintian Academy, and Huang Zonghui is a bachelor from the Cangjie Hall of the Hanlin Academy.

The three of them are collectively known as the "Three Huangs of the Capital".

Moreover, the sons of these three brothers are all top academics, and they will definitely become a super academic family in the future.

After everyone reached an agreement, they put aside their differences temporarily and took their students with them to start sorting out the previous academic results. Graduate students like Lu Liuliang are so busy following their tutors that they do all the hard work.

Half a month later, all the academic achievements of Cangjie Hall in the past two years were displayed in front of Qian Qianyi, the director of the Hanlin Academy.

Of course Qian Qianyi knew about the existence of oracle bone inscriptions, but he was too busy. "History of the Ming Dynasty" was being compiled intensively, and then there was the compilation of "Quanshu of the Republic of China". How could he care about a bunch of broken bones?

But at this moment, Qian Qianyi was shocked beyond measure.

It turns out that writing was not created by Cangjie, but was the result of continuous evolution through the ages. It turns out that the accuracy of some contents in "Shuowen Jiezi" is actually open to question.

Even through the study of oracle bone inscriptions, we can understand a small amount of Yin and Shang history, such as wars and sacrifices in certain years and months, and a large number of human sacrifices and burials.

Qian Qianyi wanted to write an article to refute, but with the facts in front of him, he didn't know where to start.

After thinking about it, Qian Qianyi wrote quickly and wrote a congratulatory note to the emperor. In the article, he flattered the emperor wildly, saying that only when a saintly king and a benevolent king appeared in this world, the ancient writings would come out of the soil, thus completing the context of Chinese history, a feat of enlightenment that had never been achieved before in the history of the dynasties.

When Zhao Han received Qian Qianyi's congratulatory form, he immediately couldn't laugh or cry. Then he chose to have the scholars from Cangjie Hall personally describe the results during the court meeting.

In front of hundreds of officials, Guo Zongchang spoke eloquently: "Oracle bone inscriptions are different from contemporary writing and are also different from epigraphic inscriptions. But oracle bone inscriptions, epigraphic inscriptions, large and small seal scripts, official script, and regular script are all in the same line. Now some oracle bone inscriptions have been found. The inscriptions on the animal teeth and bones are older than the previously discovered oracle bones, and may be from the time of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors."

Sovereigns and Five Emperors?

The ministers were shocked and the court meeting was in a state of shock.

Guo Zongchang sighed and said: "Unfortunately, the content of the oracle bone inscriptions of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors is so small that it is difficult to make major discoveries."

Instead, the ministers breathed a sigh of relief, fearing that something might happen again in Cangjie Hall.

Guo Zongchang said: "However, all the gentlemen at Cangjie Hall have worked together to summarize the methods for identifying oracle bone inscriptions. The first is the comparison method, the second is the inference method, the third is the textual research method, and the fourth is the analysis method. With these four methods, from now on. We will definitely be able to identify more oracle bone inscriptions! There are many research results today, and due to space limitations, it is not convenient to publish them all in the "Hanlin Academic Journal". Please allow your majesty to make a separate volume with pictures and texts, publish it, and make it available to the world. The oracle bone inscriptions that cannot be identified are also The extension text is printed in a book, and all knowledgeable people in the world are invited to study it together."

"Yes," Zhao Han nodded and said, "I will let the Sili Supervisory Factory be responsible for printing."